Understanding Bile Duct Cancer
Learn about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma).
What is Bile Duct Cancer?
Bile duct cancer, also known as cholangiocarcinoma, is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that originates in the bile ducts — the channels that carry bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine.
There are three main types depending on location: intrahepatic (inside the liver), perihilar (where bile ducts exit the liver), and distal (near the small intestine). It often presents at an advanced stage due to subtle early symptoms.
Symptoms of Bile Duct Cancer
Jaundice
Yellowing of the skin and eyes caused by bile duct blockage.
Abdominal Pain
Especially in the upper right part of the abdomen.
Unintended Weight Loss
Significant and unexplained weight loss.
Dark Urine and Pale Stools
Caused by disrupted bile flow.
Fatigue
General weakness and low energy.
Itchy Skin
Due to accumulation of bile salts under the skin.
Diagnosis and Tests
Blood Tests
Liver function tests and tumor markers like CA 19-9.
Imaging Scans
Ultrasound, CT, MRI, or MRCP to visualize bile ducts and detect tumors.
Biopsy
Sample taken via endoscopic or needle-guided methods to confirm cancer type.
Treatment Options
1Surgery
Surgical resection is the best chance for a cure if the tumor is localized and operable.
2Liver Transplant
In selected early-stage cases, a liver transplant may be an option, especially for perihilar tumors.
3Chemotherapy and Radiation
Used for advanced or inoperable cancers, often to relieve symptoms and slow progression.
Prognosis and Survival Rates
Prognosis varies by tumor location and stage at diagnosis. Unfortunately, many bile duct cancers are detected late, which limits treatment options and lowers survival rates.
| Stage | Description | 5-Year Survival |
|---|---|---|
| I | Tumor confined to bile duct | 30-40% |
| II | Tumor has spread to nearby tissue | 20-30% |
| III | Involvement of lymph nodes | 10-15% |
| IV | Distant metastasis | 2-5% |
Need More Information?
If you or a loved one are experiencing symptoms or have been diagnosed with adrenal cancer, our specialists are here to help with expert care and personalized treatment plans.
